Climate-related labour risk: Wildfire smoke, poor air quality, evacuations, and lost wagesÂ
Solution pathway: Hazard pay, disaster insurance, and worker-centred emergency protectionÂ
Business type:Â SME / family-owned wineryÂ
Sector:Â Wine and agricultureÂ
Geography:Â Napa Valley, California, United States
In Practice
Wildfire smoke is an increasing climate-related risk for outdoor workers, especially in regions where harvest seasons now overlap with longer and more intense fire seasons. Vineyard workers can face difficult choices during smoke events: continue working in unhealthy air or stay home and lose wages.Â
Boeschen Vineyards, a small Napa Valley winery, has introduced a worker protection policy designed for wildfire and extreme weather disruption. When there is an evacuation or air quality reaches unhealthy levels, workers can stay home and still be paid for missed hours. If they choose to work during these conditions, they receive time-and-a-half hazard pay.Â
This approach recognises that climate adaptation for labour is not only about masks, monitoring, or stop-work rules. It is also about income protection. Workers are more likely to follow safety guidance when they do not have to choose between protecting their health and losing wages. For the business, the policy helps build trust, support labour retention, and set a higher standard for worker protection in a climate-exposed sector.Â
Why this example was selected
This case study was curated because it is a specific SME example of a business responding directly to a climate-related labour risk. Boeschen Vineyards has been recognised at the RISE Climate & Wine Symposium for leadership in Social Justice, Diversity & Inclusion because of its commitment to worker disaster insurance and hazard pay.Â
It is also supported by the wider academic and policy evidence base on wildfire smoke exposure and farmworker safety. A 2024 GeoHealth study on air quality monitoring and farmworker safety in wildfire evacuation zones highlights the risks to farmworkers during wildfire events and supports stronger protections, including local air-quality monitoring, emergency planning, hazard pay, and post-exposure health screening.Â

